5.1.6. Malawi Police Service (MPS) and other law enforcement agencies The Malawi Police Service (MPS) and other law enforcement agencies will be responsible for the investigation of cybercrimes and enforcement relevant laws in Malawi. They will also play a vital role in collaborating with national and international stakeholders and law enforcement agencies in combating cybercrime. 5.1.7. Malawi Defence Force The Malawi Defence Force, in collaboration with the Malawi CERT will continuously monitor the cyberspace sphere to identify and address cyber threats and risks to the National Security. They will also work with other security forces and stakeholders to safeguard and combat cyber-terrorism and maintain law and order during nationwide incidents or emergencies. 5.1.8. Critical Information Infrastructure (CII) Owners and Operators CII owners and/or operators in Malawi will be responsible for protecting their infrastructure from cyber threats and vulnerabilities. To this end, they will ensure that various mitigation measures are implemented to protect the CII. They will also be responsible for ensuring that they comply with various cybersecurity-related frameworks in force in Malawi. 5.1.9. The Academia The Academia in Malawi will play a key role in the nation’s efforts in developing capacity and expertise in cybersecurity to address Malawi’s requirements for skilled and knowledgeable cybersecurity professionals of Malawi, at present and in the future. The Academia will also play a key role in undertaking cybersecurity-related R&D. 5.1.10. Civil Society The Civil Society will work with other stakeholders to promote effective engagement, promote transparency and accountability of the public and private sector institutions, and strengthen knowledge and awareness of cybersecurity related issues across Malawi. 22