Chapter 1 Spotlight on Cyber Threats In 2019, the frequency and sophistication of various cyber threats such as website defacements, phishing incidents, and malware activities increased in Singapore. Spotlight on Cyber Threats covers CSA’s observations in 2019 on relevant threats in Singapore’s cyber landscape, as well as trends, insights and motivations of threat actors. “Cybersecurity is not a static, technical arena; it is a dynamic, contested space. It is constantly evolving, as skilled, cunning malicious actors are always trying to find new ways to get past our defences.” Mr S Iswaran Minister for Communications and Information and Minister-in-Charge of Cybersecurity 6 SINGAPORE CYBER LANDSCAPE 2019 7