File No: 2(35)/2011-CERT-In Ministry of Communication and Information Technology Department of Electronics and Information Technology country. Such a focus enables creation of a suitable cyber security eco-system in the country, in tune with globally networked environment. 5. Cyberspace manmade is vulnerable or natural, to a wide variety and the data exchanged of incidents, whether in the cyberspace can intentional or accidental, be exploited for nefarious purposes by both nation- states and non-state actors. Cyber attacks that target the infrastructure or underlying economic well-being of a nation state can effectively reduce available state resources and undermine confidence in their supporting structures. A cyber related incident of national significance may take any form; an organized cyber attack, an uncontrolled exploit such as or any malicious software code, a national disaster with significant cyber or other related incidents capable of causing extensive damage to the information computer virus or worms consequences infrastructure or key assets. Large-scale cyber incidents may overwhelm the government, public and private sector resources and services by disrupting functioning of critical information systems. Complications from disruptions of such a magnitude may threaten lives, economy and national security. Rapid remediation examples can identification, mitigate the information exchange, damage caused by investigation and coordinated response malicious of cyber threats to individuals, businesses cyberspace activity. Some and of the and government are identity theft, phishing, social engineering, hactivism, cyber terrorism, compound threats targeting mobile devices and smart phone, compromised digital certificates, advanced persistent threats, denial of service, bot nets, supply chain attacks, data leakage, etc. The protection of information infrastructure and preservation of the confidentiality, integrity and availability of information in cyberspace is the essence of a secure cyber space. 6. There are various ongoing security challenges which activities and programs of the Government to address the cyber have significantly contributed to the creation of a platform that is now capable of supporting and sustaining the efforts in securing the cyber space. Due to the dynamic nature of cyberspace, there is now a need for these actions to be unified under a National Cyber Security Policy, with an integrated vision and a set of sustained & coordinated strategies for implementation. 7. The cyber security policy is an evolving task and it caters to the whole spectrum of ICT users and providers including home users and small, medium and large enterprises and Government & nonGovernment entities. It serves as an umbrella framework for defining and guiding the actions related to security of cyberspace. It also enables the individual sectors and organizations in designing appropriate cyber security policies to suit their needs. The policy provides an overview of what it takes to effectively protect information, information systems & networks and also gives an insight into the Government's approach and strategy for protection of cyber space in the country. It also Page 2 of 10