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E/CN.15/2014/CRP.1 channels for fast, free, and difficult-to-trace content, ICTs have provided offenders with increased opportunities to expose children to such harmful content. A particular source of unwanted harmful content involves the transfer of peer2peer files. Offenders may mislabel such files containing, for instance, violent child sexual abuse material, in order to trick children into opening, downloading and viewing them. In addition, file transfer services through e-mail, instant messaging, social networking sites, file-transferprotocols, cloud computing, and do-it-yourself websites have dramatically increased the accessibility of child sexual abuse material. It is estimated that from 1997-2006, the number of child pornography images on the Internet increased by 1500 per cent. In 2001, the Cyber Tip Line, mandated by the United States Congress received 21,603 reports of child pornography. In 2004, the number increased by 491 per cent to 106,176 reports of child pornography on the Internet.88 As illustrated in figure 3, data from the Internet Watch Foundation (IWF) identified 13,182 webpages containing child sexual images, hosted on 1,660 domains worldwide in 2013.89 Figure 3: The number of domains hosting child sexual abuse content, by year Source: Internet Watch Foundation Recent estimates have indicated that the majority of child sexual abuse material is now exchanged via noncommercial channels, specifically public P2P platforms, such as Gnutella, eDonkey and eMule. Private P2P networks are often used by mid-level offenders who establish closed groups to exchange encrypted files. Anywhere from 7.5 to 24 per cent of child sexual abuse material is currently exchanged via commercial channels. As credit card payments are known by most offenders to risk identification, new and therefore more valuable, abuse material has become a sort of currency in itself, being often used as ‘payment’ for access to other material. Whilst commercial distribution has not been completely eradicated, a trend in decreasing identification of available commercial sexual abuse material may also be due to commercial distributors moving to new platforms or ‘dark web’ environments such as Tor.90 __________________ 88 89 90 Mattar, M. Y, 2006. Protecting Children: The Battle against Child Pornography and Other Forms of Sexual Exploitation. Statement at U.S. Congressional Hearing before the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe (Washington, DC: September 27, 2006). Available at http://www.csce.gov/index.cfm?FuseAction=ContentRecords.ViewWitness&ContentRecord_id=774&ContentType=D&Conte ntRecordType=D&ParentType=H&CFID=15055102&CFTOKEN=d2f0d82887026b5b-5B6D99F3-9100-FBB0C72DC9EBC4DA7CFE. IWF, 2014. Annual & Charity Report 2013. P. 11. Available at https://www.iwf.org.uk/accountability/annual-reports/2013annual-report. EUROPOL. European Cybercrime Centre (EC3), 2013. Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children Online: A Strategic Assessment. Available at https://www.europol.europa.eu/sites/default/files/publications/efc_strategic_assessment__public_version .pdf. V.14-03040 17

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Study facilitating the identification, description and evaluation of the effects of new information technologies on the abuse and exploitation of children (E /CN.15/2014/CRP.1)

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Intergovernmental Organisation

United Nations (UN)

Type of Document (for IGOs)

Policy-Related Documents: Other Documents

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Cyber Crime
Cyber Terrorism
Cybersecurity Awareness
Data Protection
Gender
Human & Digital Rights
International Cooperation
Training and Education

Summary

Prepared pursuant to Economic and Social Council resolution 2011/33 on Prevention, protection and international cooperation against the use of new information technologies to abuse and/or exploit children
Based primarily on open source research and the outcomes of an informal expert group meeting on ICT-facilitated abuse and exploitation of children
Includes four Chapters:
- Chapter I: identifies and defines key terms in analysing the problem of ICT-facilitated child abuse and exploitation and describes the most common types and forms of related behaviour
- Chapter II: evaluates the effects of ICTs on common forms of child abuse and exploitation; provides a brief overview of the main risk factors for victims as well as possible offender profiles; describes organized groups of offenders and the role of organized criminal networks in child abuse and exploitation
- Chapter III: identifies the main international and regional instruments relevant to combating the ICT-facilitated sexual abuse and exploitation of children
- Chapter III (additional section): provides an overview of different practices and policies adopted to combat ICT-facilitated child sexual abuse and exploitation, as well as opportunities to enhance the fight against such crimes
Includes Glossary or terms related to the Study’s scope and subject

Source Link 1: https://www.unodc.org/documents/commissions/CCPCJ/CCPCJ_Sessions/CCPCJ_23/E-CN15-2014-CRP1_E.pdf

Year Published: 2014

Document Language(s)

English

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Study facilitating the identification, description and evaluation of the effects of new information technologies on the abuse and exploitation of children (E /CN.15/2014/CRP.1)

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