Prime Minister’s Office | National Cyber Directorate Development of Israel’s national cyber security efforts The first milestone in the development of Israel’s national cyber security efforts was laid in 2002, when the Israeli government authorized the National Information Security Authority (NISA) to instruct and protect vital computerized systems of selected public and private civil organizations. The next and major milestone level was the establishment, in January 2012, of the Israel National Cyber Bureau (INCB) reporting directly to the Prime Minister, following a governmental resolution from August 2011. INCB was tasked with: devising the State’s national cyber policy and strategy, promoting national processes, developing national cyber capabilities and strengthening Israel’s leadership in the field. On February 15, 2015, the government of Israel adopted two pioneering resolutions, which reflected the major recommendations of the national cyber security strategy, developed by the Bureau. These resolutions included the establishment of the National Cyber Security Authority (NCSA), a dedicated government entity leading the operational cyber security efforts of the State of Israel. Together the INCB and the NCSA constitute the INCD – Israel National Cyber Directorate. 6 | National Cyber Security Strategy In Brief