Actionable Issues Potential Resources to Support Implementation (Estimated cost for each line to be determined by relevant MACs ) Improving Policy/Regulatory Framework ● National budget, development aid and technical assistance Expanding and improving ICT infrastructure ● Private sector, PPPs, USF ● National budget, development aid and technical assistance, private sector, USF ● National budget ● National budget, development aid, USF ● Sector contributions, national budget, international contributions ● Sector contributions, national budget, international contributions ● National budget ● National budget, development aid and technical assistance, private sector Consumer Protection ● National budget, development aid and technical assistance Reform of ICT ● National budget, development aid and technical assistance, private sector Broadband access and use Spectrum Management Cyber-security Universal Access & Universal Access Fund Gender and Women and ICT Human Resources Innovation and Research governance structure 9.0 MONITORING AND EVALUATION Failure to monitor the implementation of ICT policy measures at an early stage can delay ICT developments and reduce the effectiveness of policy measures. Key components of an ICT policy review include: identifying key challenges and solutions; implementing mechanisms for ICT policies, plans and programs; monitoring and review, coordination mechanisms; and institutional framework and stakeholder analysis. 64