4. Improve training, education and exercises opportunities Training and Education In order to develop a common cyber defence culture at all levels of CSDP chain of command, including missions and operations, there is a need to improve cyber defence training opportunities. Moreover, during a period of shrinking defence expenditure, it is crucial that education and training budgets are used efficiently while delivering the best possible quality. Pooling and sharing cyber defence education and training at the European level will be of key importance. The EEAS will set the following CSDP training priorities, together with EDA, the European Security and Defence College (ESDC) and Member States: • Based on the EDA Cyber Defence Training-Need-Analysis and the experiences gained in cyber security training of the ESDC, establish CSDP Training and Education for different audiences, including EEAS, personnel from CSDP missions and operations and Member States' officials; • Propose the establishment of a cyber defence dialogue on training standards and certification with Member States, EU institutions, third countries and other international organisations, as well as with the private sector; • Based on the EDA feasibility assessment, explore the possibility and rationale to set up a cyber defence training facility for CSDP; • Develop further EDA courses to meet the CSDP cyber defence training requirements; • Follow the established ESDC certification mechanisms for the training programmes in close cooperation with the relevant services in the EU institutions, based on existing standards and knowledge. Consider the possibility of setting up cyber specific modules in the framework of the Military Erasmus initiative; • Create synergies with the training programmes of other stakeholders such as the ENISA, Europol, European Cybercrime Training and Education Group (ECTEG) and the European Police College (CEPOL); • Explore the possibility of joint ESDC-NATO Defence College cyberdefence training programmes, open to all EU Member States, in order to foster a shared cyberdefence culture; • Engage with European private sector training providers, as well as academic institutions, to raise the competencies and skills of personnel engaged in CSDP operations and missions. 15585/14 ANNEX FP/oza DG C 2B 11 EN