The Commission intends to support, potentially with the CCCN, the development of a dedicated cybersecurity Masters programme, and contribute to a common European Cybersecurity Research and Innovation Roadmap beyond 2020. Investments through the CCCN would also build on the cooperation in research and development performed by networks of cybersecurity excellence centres, bringing together Europe’s best research teams with industry to design and implement common research agendas, in line with the European Cyber Security Organisation roadmap70. The Commission will continue to rely on the research work done by ENISA and Europol, and will also continue supporting, as part of Horizon Europe, individual Internet innovators developing privacy-enhancing and secure communication technologies based on open source software and hardware, as currently under the Next Generation Internet initiative. 1.8 A Cyber-skilled EU workforce The EU’s efforts to upskill the workforce, to develop, attract and retain the best cybersecurity talent and to invest in world class research and innovation, form an important component of protecting against cyber threats generally. This field offers great potential. Hence specific attention must be paid to developing, attracting and retaining more diverse talent. The Revised Digital Education Action Plan will raise cybersecurity awareness among individuals, especially children and young people, and organisations, especially SMEs71. It will also encourage women’s participation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (‘STEM’) education and ICT jobs upskilling and reskilling in digital skills. In addition, the Commission will, together with the EU Intellectual Property Office at Europol, ENISA, Member States and the private sector, develop awareness tools and guidance to increase the resilience of EU businesses against cyber-enabled intellectual property theft72. Education – including Vocational Education and Training (VET), awareness and exercises should also further increase cybersecurity and cyber defence skills at EU level. To this end, the relevant EU actors such as the ENISA, the European Defence Agency (EDA), the European Security and Defence College (ESDC)73 should seek synergies between their respective activities. Strategic initiatives The EU should ensure:  Adoption of revised NIS Directive;  Regulatory measures for an Internet of Secure Things  Through the CCCN investment in cybersecurity (notably through the Digital Europe Programme, Horizon Europe and recovery facility) to reach up to €4.5 billion in public and private investments over 2021-2027;  An EU network of AI-enabled Security Operation Centres and an ultra-secure communication infrastructure harnessing quantum technologies; 70 https://ecs-org.eu/working-groups/wg6-sria-and-cyber-security-technologies https://ec.europa.eu/education/education-in-the-eu/digital-education-action-plan_en 72 https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/IP_20_2187 73 Through the Cyber Education Training Exercise and Evaluation Platform (ETEE). 71 12