section 1 Military Organization and forces in the face of increasing North Korean threats, the rOK military is enhancing its command and unit structure to maximize its capacity for joint and combined operations in diverse future operational environments and is continuously expanding its strength, while increasing the efficiency of its current capabilities, to be able to respond to any type of provocations. 1. Organization of the Joint Chiefs of staff The Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) conducts joint and combined operations through operational command and supervision over combat operation units and through command and supervision over joint units. The JCS was initially set up and operated within MND as a non-permanent organization1) until it was officially established in 1963 under its current name. The JCS presently operates through one vice chairman, four chief directorates and five offices under the chairman of the JCS. The organization of the JCS is as shown in <Chart 3-1> below: <Chart 3-1> Key Organizations of the Joint Chiefs of staff Chairman of the JCs Vice Chairman of the JCs Korea Defense Intelligence Agency Office of the Chairman Chief Directorate of Operations Office of the Judge Advocate Chief Directorate of Military support Office of the Public Affairs Chief Directorate of strategic Planning Office of Inspector General Office of Analysis and experimentation The JCS is developing its task performance system toward close mutual support and integration among the Army, Navy and Air Force by strengthening their jointness. In preparation 1) ‘Combined Chiefs of Staff Council in 1948’, ‘Joint Chief of Staff Council’ in 1954 and ‘Combined Chief of Staff Bureau’ in 1961. rOK armed Forces 48 Chapter 3 establishing a robust Defense Posture