private sector and academia. However, we are finding it difficult to see how this is reflected in
the
“pre-draft”
report.
Therefore,
we
suggest
dedicating
more
space
to
the
specific
recommendations from the multistakeholder session. Moreover, we would support annexing
the informal conclusions prepared by the Chair of the informal multistakeholder session, Mr.
David Koh, of Singapore.
B. Existing and Potential Threats
5.
Generally, we recommend
caution with the use of the phrase “states” due to the unspecific
nature of the phrase. However, in section B15 we strongly recommend a rephrasing, since it
gives room for the impression that “militarization of cyberspace” was a concern for the majority
of Member States. In our view, the dominant concern was the steep increase in the use of ICT
technology for malicious
concerns
for
election
purposes
interference,
and not militarization
cyber-attacks
and
in itself. We
noted
among
others
cyber-enabled
theft
of intellectual
property by certain states and non-state actors.
As such, the OEWG
report should more closely reflect what was said by several delegations
{including Denmark). Military application of ICTs is a reality. Many UN Member States, including
all of the PS, have developed or are developing ICT-capabilities for military purposes. However,
this is not a concern as such. What is of concern is that some state actors are using these
capabilities in violation of the three pillars of the Charter of the United Nation. Consequently,
the OEWG
should promote transparency in the development
of military ICT-capabilities and
states should openly admit to having them at their disposal. Moreover, the technology in itself
is often of dual-use, and will continue to develop rapidly. As a result, we should apply a
technology neutral approach in the course of our work. This point is emphasized
reports, and therefore should be further highlighted in OEWG report.
in the GGE
In these perilous times during the COVID-19 crisis, we have witnessed even a global pandemic
being used for malicious ICT activities. As a result, we encourage the Chair to give room for a
section in the OEWG report expressing concern for the potential increase in malicious ICT
activity by state and non-state actors during global catastrophes.
C. International Law
8.
Denmark supports continuing efforts to promote the application of international law to cyber
space including efforts towards clarifying how existing international law applies in cyber space.
We share the view that international law is the foundation for stability and predictability in
international relations. Specifically we believe that international humanitarian law reduces risks
and potential harm to both civilians and combatants in the context of armed conflict, while
neither encouraging militarization nor legitimizing conflict.