Fig. 17 | Network open access as a potential solution to the telecom challenge BIG DATA SERVICE PROVIDERS LIMITED COMPETITION BIG DATA SERVICE PROVIDERS DIGITAL SERVICE TELECOM CONSUMER SERVICES DIGITAL CONSUMER SERVICES PROVIDERS TELECOMS SPECTRUM ARE UNDER PRESSURE SPECTRUM RADIO ACCESS NETWORK RADIO EQUIPMENT VENDORS OPEN ACCESS NETWORKS OPEN RAN NETWORK LIMITED COMPETITION Source: Digiteccs Associates From a practical standpoint, opening of tech standards, platforms and networks is also complicated by diverging interests of different industries, see Fig. 18. This makes strong policy visions, which encourage more long-term behaviours from certain industries to achieve win-win solutions, particularly important. Fig. 18 | Interests of different industries in regard to opening tend to vary PROPRIETARY BIG DATA PROPRIETARY NETWORK NOW OPEN BIG DATA OPEN BIG DATA RAN vendor wish new telecom wish PROPRIETARY BIG DATA OPEN ACCESS NETWORK PROPRIETARY BIG DATA old telecom wish PROPRIETARY BIG DATA internet tech wish OPEN BIG DATA OPEN BIG DATA PROPRIETARY RAN TECH OPEN RAN TECH IDEAL Source: Digiteccs Associates 5G will put pressure on telecoms to enter the business for software, data and more differentiated consumer and enterprise services. Subsequently, telecoms may find their involvement in parts of heavily capital intensive infrastructure businesses less efficient than before and start turning towards the so-called asset light model. The exact shape of telecom transformation however needs to be assessed market by market and over time as conditions in different markets evolve. 32