academic institutions, was conducted by UNODC, from February 2012 to July 2012. Information was received from 69 Member States with regional distribution as follows: Africa (11), Americas (13), Asia (19), Europe (24), and Oceania (2). Information was received from 40 private sector organizations, 16 academic organizations and 11 intergovernmental organizations. Over 500 opensource documents were also reviewed by the Secretariat. Further details on the methodology are contained at Annex Five to this Study. Member State responses to the Study questionnaire (green) and Internet penetration (blue) Source: Study questionnaire responses and UNODC elaboration of MaxMind GeoCityLite As required by General Assembly resolution 65/230, this Study has been prepared with a view to ‘examining options to strengthen existing and to propose new national and international legal or other responses to cybercrime.’ The mandate comes within the context of a number of other mandates and activities related to cybercrime and cybersecurity within the United Nations system.4 In this respect, the focus of the Study is limited to the crime prevention and criminal justice aspects of preventing and combating cybercrime. The Study represents a ‘snapshot’ in time of crime prevention and criminal justice efforts to prevent and combat cybercrime. It paints a global picture, highlighting lessons learned from current and past efforts, and presenting possible options for future responses. While the Study is, by title, a study on ‘cybercrime’, it has unique relevance for all crimes. As the world moves into a hyper-connected society with universal internet access, it is hard to imagine a ‘computer crime’, and perhaps any crime, that will not involve electronic evidence linked with internet connectivity. Such developments may well require fundamental changes in law enforcement approach, evidence gathering, and mechanisms of international cooperation in criminal matters. 4 Including work in the context of developments in the field of information and telecommunications in the context of international security. See A/RES/66/24. x