A/67/167 In June 2011, in cooperation with the agencies of 11 States (Canada, Cyprus, France, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Romania, Sweden, United Kingdom and United States), the Security Service of Ukraine put a stop to the criminal activities of a group of hackers. Using malware spread via the Internet, this group had stolen over $72 million from foreign banking institutions. In October 2011, the Security Service of Ukraine organized and conducted in Yalta, Ukraine, the annual round of talks on cyberdefence by experts from Ukraine and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The outcome reaffirmed Ukraine’s position on the need to develop the information security system further with the participation of the public and private sectors and using the lessons learned in other States. At the initiative of the Security Service, the issue of establishing a separate commission on cybersecurity will be discussed at the thirty-second Meeting of Heads of Special Services and Security and Law Enforcement Agencies of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The content of the concepts mentioned in paragraph 2 (General Assembly resolution 66/24) The following principal threats to national security, including information security, are defined in Ukrainian legislation: • Restrictions to citizens’ freedom of speech and access to information. • Cybercrime and cyberterrorism. • Disclosure of State secrets or any other secret information protected by law, or of confidential information that is State property or is used to meet the national needs and interests of society and the State. • Attempts to manipulate public perception, including by disseminating misleading, incomplete or biased information. Possible measures that could be taken by the international community to strengthen information security at the global level The main way in which the international community can strengthen information security is to create an enabling environment that allows individual States to ensure their own information security and to develop effective cooperation in this regard. To establish mechanisms that will effectively counter existing and potential threats to information security, the international community should take the following measures: • Implement consultative mechanisms for cooperation on cyberdefence to facilitate the exchange of experience in drafting legislation and regulations in this area. • Establish systems for the exchange of information on cyberspace monitoring and for early notification of cyberattacks and the exchange of information on technical aspects of cyberattacks, tracing the origins of attacks and effective countermeasures. 12-43414 17