President Kaljulaid at CyCon 2019: Cyber attacks should not be easy weapon | News | ERR 11/10/2022, 14:25 stems from conventions, agreements, and custom but it is still very much up to states themselves to define and to interpret that law. Therefore, the Estonian position on application of international law in cyberspace is our contribution on further clarifying this issue and leading the way together with other allies. It's also something that will help our own cyber experts in everyday operations, in drafting our own rules of engagement for possible cyber operations. It might also carry some deterrent effects as we have now more clarity in how we perceive and react to cyber operations in the future. First of all, as also many states and several international organizations have acknowledged – existing international law applies in cyberspace. Among others, the European Union, NATO, OECD and ASEAN have made similar addresses. Estonia has constantly upheld this position. We believe and state that both the rights and obligations of international law, including those stated in the U.N. Charter, do apply to states when using IT and communication technologies. I would like to reiterate, when it comes to legal questions of dos and don'ts surrounding state behavior in cyberspace, the answer must be sought from existing international law. Second, states are responsible for their activities https://news.err.ee/946827/president-kaljulaid-at-cycon-2019-cyber-attacks-should-not-be-easy-weapon Page 3 of 9