d. Support emergency management efforts under the National Response Framework for cyber incidents that may result in physical impacts or otherwise impede disaster response and recovery efforts. e. Plan and exercise for cyber incident response at the local, regional, national, and international level. Outcomes: DHS responds to cyber incidents by providing technical and other asset response assistance, where requested and appropriate, and supporting national-level decision-making and emergency management efforts. Objective 5.3: Increase cooperation between incident responders to ensure complementary threat response and asset response efforts. Threat response activities include efforts by DHS and non-DHS law enforcement agencies to combat cyber crimes and national security threats through investigations that identify malicious actors and seek to prevent or deter additional illicit cyber activity. Effective incident response requires an understanding of the methods and intent of the responsible threat actors as well as the provision of asset response assistance. DHS investigative and intelligence assets must collaborate with asset responders, other entities responding to incidents, and affected entities to share information regarding the threat to prevent additional harm. Such information must be integrated with information available from other law enforcement agencies, the intelligence community, and other sources. DHS must also promote effective coordination between all agencies responding to a cyber incident in the field to enhance the timeliness and effectiveness of response efforts. Sub-Objectives: a. Leverage DHS and non-DHS investigative resources to provide incident and threat attribution information to all federal incident responders and sector specific agencies. b. Develop holistic assessments of adversaries, threats, and incidents to aid asset and threat response, as well as protective and planning efforts. c. Improve mechanisms to increase field-level collaboration on cybersecurity issues and coordinate the provision of federal response assistance when appropriate. Outcomes: DHS responds to incidents and engages impacted entities in a coordinated fashion, enabling access to the expertise and capabilities of all threat and asset responders. 21