cybercrime 33. In recognition of growing cyber security and cybercrime threats, the Centre for Cyber Security Studies (CCSS) was established in 2014 within the Home Team Academy (HTA). CCSS facilitates the capability and capacity development of Home Team Departments and key stakeholders responsible for the protection and operations of sensitive infocomm systems across the public sector. One of To achieve this, a Cyber Security Lab (CSL) has been set up in the CCSS, as a modern hands-on facility for training and familiarising trainees on approaches to mitigate cyber threats and investigate cyber cyber security fundamentals and cyber defence, to incident response, digital forensics and malware (iv) Strengthening coordination between SPF and government agencies to cybercrimes: a. Cooperation with the Attorney-General‘s Chambers (AGC) on complex cybercrime cases Traditionally, prosecutors only have access to a case at the conclusion of police investigations. In recent years, due to the complexity of cybercrime cases, AGC and SPF have worked closely together has helped SPF to ensure that crucial evidence is secured at an early stage and that police investigations are watertight; this is especially important where digital evidence stored on cloud servers is concerned. Time is of the essence in such cases, because cloud evidence can be deleted from the server remotely at any time. b. Strengthening coordination arrangements with the Cyber Security Agency of Singapore Given the closely-related nature of cyber security and cybercrime, SPF and the Cyber cyber-related incidents. Aside from the active sharing of information pertaining to cyber threats, SPF agencies, and strengthens coordination between both agencies. In 2016, SPF and CSA conducted and procedures for both agencies. SPF and CSA will continue to conduct regular joint exercises. KEY PRIORITY #3: STRENGTHENING LEGISLATION AND THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE FRAMEWORK 35. The investigation of cybercrimes and prosecution of cybercriminals must be supported by a robust criminal justice framework. Laws need to be updated to ensure that they are relevant and frameworks have to be strengthened, to prevent criminals from taking advantage of loopholes in new technologies. National Cybercrime Action Plan 12 OF 17