A/66/152 Possible measures that could be taken by the international community to strengthen information security at the global level All States, including Australia, need to continue to seek out both traditional and innovative measures to strengthen information security. The global challenge of cybersecurity requires an increased effort in multilateral forums to improve the security of interoperable networks. This includes efforts within the United Nations and the ITU, regional forums such as APEC and more subject specific international groups such as the Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams and the International Watch and Warning Network. Australia supports the development of international principles of responsible behaviour in cyberspace, including agreeing a broad set of principles for normative behaviour in cyberspace that will facilitate better international cooperation and promote trust in cyberspace and lead to the development of agreed international norms on cyberspace. Australia, as a member of the global community, will continue to support progress on this issue through bilateral and multilateral forums to help achieve a more secure, resilient and trusted cyberenvironment. Specific efforts that could be taken by the international community to strengthen information security at the global level include: (a) The development of global standards, including agreement to a broad set of international principles for normative behaviour in cyberspace to facilitate better international cooperation and promote trust; (b) Expansion of the international legal system’s capacity to combat cybercrime, including consistency in legal frameworks (for example, wider accession to the Council of Europe Cybercrime Convention, the requirements of which Australia anticipates to meet by the end of 2011), and enhancing law enforcement cooperation to allow countries to effectively institute domestic law; (c) The development and promotion of best practice in situational awareness and strategic warning and event response, including the development of national computer emergency response teams to conduct and coordinate these activities between all nations; (d) Awareness-raising initiatives and capacity-building exercises by experienced and established States to assist developing States to achieve a trusted, secure and resilient cyberspace for the benefit of all; (e) A more consistent approach to partnering with industry to develop guidelines around conduct in cyberspace, for example, the Australian Internet industry code of practice. Relevant international concepts Existing international law provides a framework for protection from information security threats arising from a variety of actors. A range of existing international legal principles may be applicable to the use of cyberspace, including the principles of sovereign equality of States and the prohibition on the use of force and acts of aggression, as well as international humanitarian law. Further discussion among States, in international and regional forums, is necessary to determine more precisely the scope and applicability of these principles to threats emanating from the cyber realm. 6 11-41691