National Information and Communications Technology Policy Clearing House (ECH), Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS) and Retail Payment System (RPS). Through NPS values of transactions increased in March 2013 by 4.2% to Tanzania shillings 16,482.6 billion from Tanzanian shillings 15,818.7 billion recorded in March 2012. Other successes are establishment of the Central Admission System (CAS) for higher learning students’ placement and the Online Loan Application System (OLAS). Despite these achievements, Tanzania could benefit even more from potential benefits of ICTs to improve efficiency and effectiveness by furthering information sharing, transparency and accountability as well as through improvement of citizens’ ICT literacy. . Based on the baseline study on e-Government, it has been indicated that there is low level of application of ICT services in the public sector in Tanzania. The language of Internet content also poses a significant challenge, underscoring the importance of having Internet content in languages that the citizens can read and understand. 1.1.11 E-Transactions Currently, there are limited e-transaction services such as e-commerce due to lack of local credit cards and supportive legal framework appropriate for e-business promotion. Most significantly, the legal framework does not provide adequate safeguards to create an environment of trust for e-business transactions to take place. Consequently, financial institutions and businesses at large are not able to set up provisions for supporting e-transactions for their own, and each other’s clients. 1.1.12 Foreign Direct Investment The communications sector in Tanzania has grown to a great extent because of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). The FDI has been important not only for the investment it brings, but also for the operational expertise, which accompanies the investment. If the communications sector is to continue to grow and expand, the challenge is the knowledge transfer through technology transfer. Attractive investment opportunities are based not only on the provision and management/operation of new technological infrastructure but also on the development and launching of value-adding services supported by these agreements. 1.1.13 Research, Development & Innovation The international ICT sector is an Intellectual Property driven and supported industry through R&D. Tanzania has little intellectual property registration and publications among its ICT companies/ people. There is a profound need 11