systems and simulators. Priority will be given to minimize the environmental impact of activities and to make the training areas risk free to the public and technologically developed for dual use, i.e. for purposes related to civil protection and security. Finally, the use of these areas will promote the economic development and growth of industrial communities. Reserve Forces 125. Reserve Forces are an integral part of a professional military organisation and the Atlantic Alliance requires smaller armed forces to be maintained at lower costs. Typically, the Reserve Forces provide operational capabilities with less expertise which require more time to be reactivated or specialised capabilities from civilian professions not included in the armed forces, as well as capabilities which require training that is not cost effective for the armed forces. 126. The uncertainty of international situations and the possibility that some operational situations might not be adequately addressed in the future, require different forms of capability integration by the military. The goal is to create an “operational reserve” readily usable and effective, that is a force composed of trained officers, non-commissioned officers and troops to be used for military purposes and as a civil emergency response force. 127. In terms of operational capabilities, the reserve force component should include the following: - Specialist Capability that are not normally part of the permanent forces or are insufficient. For example, professional medical or nursing personnel, engineering or - 57 -