(ii) enquiry as to the existing technical capacity and the training strategies and programmes already in place to support criminal justice actors, taking into account whether specialised cybercrime units exist; (iii) enquiry as to capacity and practice in international co-operation, industry relations and tackling illegal financial transactions on the Internet. (iv) The answers to these questions would then inform the supportive response that could be provided to countries in conjunction with local or regional project teams. The key component of these training projects would be to ensure that sustainable solutions were provided and that each country took responsibility for providing continuing support and education that would outlive the projects. 3.19 It is important to note that some work will often have been done on these issues though not necessarily from a training perspective. For example, an account has already been given of some of the regional initiatives taken forward by the ITU which have produced relevant material on existing legislation; wasteful duplication of work already done must be avoided. A draft template for conducting a training needs analysis and syllabus was developed by the Group and is available from the Commonwealth Secretariat. 3.20 The implementation of the approach outlined here will require, depending on what has already been put in place, the conduct of training needs analyses, the development of training strategies, the development and delivery of training programmes for criminal justice actors, including ‘train the trainer’ programmes. Where training materials are developed on an international or regional basis, it is important that they should be given to the countries concerned as a resource to include in their own national programmes. 3.21 The sustainability of training programmes is fundamental to success and this could be supported by the development, wherever possible, of regional training centres for criminal justice actors. Such a centre might be based within a university or professional training institution but should have multiple stakeholders, with support from the private sector as well as government and international or regional organisations. Practical recommendations 3.22 Experience of working in various jurisdictions suggests that a training needs analysis would find that current initial and in-service training programmes varied significantly in their ability to provide criminal justice actors with the level of knowledge required to deal with cybercrime and electronic evidence. The Group believes that the training of officials tasked with responding and reacting to its effect should be considered a priority. Initial training 3.23 In countries where initial training is practical training ‘on the job’, it is recommended that part of such training is related to cybercrime and electronic evidence. In some countries, certain groups within the category of ‘criminal justice actors’ may at present receive no initial ‘on the job’ training; judicial officers are an example. In such cases, an opportunity should be created, through mentoring by fellow judges, or by the organisation of one-off training courses on the issue. 3.24 In countries where initial training is provided by criminal justice training institutions their curriculum should contain as a minimum one basic level module on cybercrime and electronic evidence. These should, in addition, be covered in modules covering substantive 45

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