Cybersecurity guide for developing countries Page IV.1.2 E-commerce and contracting in cyberspace ....................................................... IV.1.2.1 The choice-of-law issue .......................................................................... IV.1.2.2 Contracts concluded electronically ......................................................... IV.1.2.3 Electronic signature................................................................................. IV.1.2.4 Right of revocation.................................................................................. IV.1.2.5 Managing disputes .................................................................................. 81 81 82 83 85 85 IV.1.3 Cyberspace and intellectual property ................................................................. 86 IV.1.3.1 The branches of law protecting intellectual property .............................. 86 IV.1.3.2 Copyright and neighbouring rights ......................................................... 86 IV.1.3.3 Trademark law ........................................................................................ 87 IV.1.3.4 Patent law ................................................................................................ 87 IV.1.3.5 Intellectual protection of a website ......................................................... 88 IV.1.3.6 The complementary nature of technical and legal protection ................. 88 IV.1.4 Spam: a number of legal considerations ............................................................ 88 IV.1.4.1 Context and nuisance .............................................................................. 88 IV.1.4.2 Legal remedies for spam ......................................................................... 89 IV.1.4.3 Regulating spam ...................................................................................... 92 IV.1.4.4 Technical means of dealing with spam ................................................... 92 IV.1.4.5 Complementarity between technical and legal means ............................ 93 IV.1.5 Summary of the main legal issues relating to cyberspace.................................. 93 IV.1.5.1 IV.1.5.2 IV.1.5.3 IV.1.5.4 IV.1.5.5 IV.1.5.6 IV.1.5.7 IV.1.5.8 Legal status of the commercial internet .................................................. Cybercontracts......................................................................................... Electronic documents and signatures ...................................................... Electronic payments ................................................................................ Protection of domain names .................................................................... Intellectual property ................................................................................ Protection of digital privacy .................................................................... Other legal issues .................................................................................... 93 93 94 94 94 94 94 95 Section IV.2 – Prospects....................................................................................................... 95 IV.2.1 Educate – train – heighten awareness among all cybersecurity stakeholders .... 95 IV.2.2 A new approach to security ................................................................................ 95 IV.2.3 The characteristics of a security policy .............................................................. 96 IV.2.4 Identifying sensitive resources in order to protect them .................................... 96 IV.2.5 Objectives, mission and fundamental principles of cybersecurity ..................... 96 IV.2.6 Success factors ................................................................................................... 97 IV.2.6.1 Strategy guidelines .................................................................................. 97 IV.2.6.2 Guidelines for internet users ................................................................... 98 Table of contents xiii