HOW TO READ THIS GUIDE The Cybersecurity Guide provides an introduction to this important topic, stressing what has changed with the advent of digital data, the virtualization of information and the widespread use of telecommunication networks. The stakes, in terms of the growth of societies, are presented in order to introduce the notion of a security imperative in the world of IT and telecommunication (cybersecurity). Part I focuses on cybersecurity needs and outlines some elements of solutions. The concept of the security of the communication infrastructure is analysed in the light of the observed vulnerabilities and ambient lack of security of information and communication technologies. Drawing on the lessons learned from an examination of best practices, the daily reality of security on the internet, and the experience acquired by the international community, the specific cybersecurity needs of developing countries are then identified. The management, policy, economic, social, legal and technology dimensions of cybersecurity are analysed. Generic recommendations are formulated regarding access to telecommunication infrastructures, with a view to controlling risks – whether of criminal origin or not – and fostering confidence in e-services, an important motor of economic development. Part II looks at the problem of controlling cybercrime. It considers the elements that encourage criminal activity in order to show the limitations of current approaches to security and the struggle against cybercrime, as well as the complexity and scale of the problem facing us. The various infractions and crimes that can be perpetrated via the internet are presented, with an emphasis on the economic crime viewpoint. Observed criminal behaviour is analysed, as is the profile of criminal hackers, and general descriptions of attacks and malware are given. Some guidelines are identified for preparing to meet the cybercrime threat. Part III reviews some essential basics about the world of telecommunication and proposes a functional approach and a critical overview of infrastructure security tools. Part IV describes a comprehensive approach to cybersecurity that takes account of the various legal aspects of the modern technologies, and outlines possible objectives in terms of putting in place security solutions for the communication infrastructure. At the end of the Cybersecurity Guide the reader will find a glossary of security terms and an array of relevant references and other documents. How to read this Guide vii