 Notes Cyberspace is defined here as “a global domain within the information environment consisting of the interdependent network of information systems infrastructures including the Internet, telecommunications networks, computer systems, and embedded processors and controllers” ( https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/cyberspace). 2 The cyber workforce includes those who securely design, build, and operate information technology (IT) and operational technology (OT), as well as those who analyze, protect, and defend cyberspace resources. It encompasses those who work in the frequently overlapping fields of technology manufacturing, software development, IT, OT and industrial control systems (ICS), cybersecurity, cyberspace operations, cyber investigations and prosecutions, certain intelligence community roles, and related research and development. The cyber workforce also includes those who support work in these fields through activities that include governance, risk management, law, compliance, public policy, strategy and planning, privacy, insurance, acquisitions, procurement, and workforce management and development. This paragraph draws on the definitions of “cyberspace workforce” and “cyberspace enabler workforce” used by the Department of Defense, DoDD 8140.01, “Cyberspace Workforce Management,” October 5, 2020, pp. 11–12, as well as the NICE Framework. 3 “Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL)” https://www.congress.gov/117/plaws/publ58/PLAW-117publ58.pdf 4 As used in this strategy, the term “good jobs” refers to the principles articulated by the Department of Labor and the Department of Commerce in “The Good Jobs Initiative” (https://www.dol.gov/general/good-jobs/principles). 5 “National Cybersecurity Strategy,” March 2023, https://www.whitehouse.gov/wpcontent/uploads/2023/03/National-Cybersecurity-Strategy-2023.pdf. 6 “(ISC)2 Cybersecurity Workforce Study, 2022,” p. 8, ISC2-Cybersecurity-Workforce-Study.ashx. 7 “Cybersecurity Supply/Demand Heat Map,” Cyber Seek, https://www.cyberseek.org/heatmap.html (accessed September 29, 2022). 8 “(ISC)2 Cybersecurity Workforce Study, 2022,” p. 8, ISC2-Cybersecurity-Workforce-Study.ashx. 9 Amanda Bergson-Shilcock and Roderick Taylor, with Nye Hodge, “Closing the Digital Skill Divide,” National Skills Coalition, February 2023, p. 4, https://nationalskillscoalition.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/NSCDigitalDivide_report_Feb2023.pdf. 10 Amanda Bergson-Shilcock, “The New Landscape of Digital Literacy,” National Skills Coalition, May 2020, p. 4, https://nationalskillscoalition.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/05-20-2020-NSC-New-Landscape-of-DigitalLiteracy.pdf. 11 Stephen Ezell, “Assessing the State of Digital Skills in the U.S. Economy,” Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, November 29, 2021, https://itif.org/publications/2021/11/29/assessing-state-digital-skills-us-economy/. 12 Niam Yaraghi and Samantha Lai, “How the Pandemic Has Exacerbated Online Privacy Threats,” Brookings, January 13, 2022, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/techtank/2022/01/13/how-the-pandemic-has-exacerbated-online-privacythreats//; the definition of “digital resilience” used in this strategy can be found at Digital US Coalition, “Building a Digitally Resilient Workforce: Creating On-Ramps to Opportunity,” May 2020, p. 6, https://digitalus.org/wp-content/ uploads/2020/06/DigitalUS-Report-pages-20200602.pdf. 13 Amanda Bergson-Shilcock and Roderick Taylor, with Nye Hodge, “Closing the Digital Skill Divide,” National Skills Coalition, February 2023, https://nationalskillscoalition.org/resource/publications/closing-the-digital-skill-divide/. 14 Diego Deleersnyder, Jaime Fall, Victoria Prince, and Martena Reed, “10 Things We Learned About Digital Skills During the Pandemic,” Aspen Institute, June 2022, https://www.aspeninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/10Things-We-Learned-About-Digital-Skills-During-the-Pandemic.pdf. 15 The following description borrows from and modifies the Federal definition of a science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education ecosystem; “Progress Report on the Implementation of the Federal STEM Education Strategic Plan,” December 2021, p. 4, n. 5, https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/2021CoSTEM-Progress-Report-OSTP.pdf. 16 Diverse stakeholders include learners (students, job seekers, and employees), employers, labor organizations, educators and academic institutions, training providers, government at all levels, non-profit organizations, philanthropists, and civic organizations 1 51 NATIONAL CYBER WORKFORCE AND EDUCATION STRATEGY