(ii) Expectations for contribution to SDGs - It is expected that the realization of Society 5.0 will usher in a better, more enriched society where many of the current issues are solved, and contribute to the fulfillment of the SDGs adopted by the UN. - The use of digital technology, including smart grid and automated manufacturing, is vital in Japan’s effort to achieve green growth as well. (iii) Changes in the national security environment - The uncertainty surrounding the existing order that Japan has enjoyed is increasing rapidly. Changes in the international community are accelerating and becoming more complex, including the emerging interstate competition in the spheres of politics, economy, military affairs, and technology. - Cyberspace has become an area of international interstate competition that reflects geopolitical tensions, even during normal times. The circumstances surrounding cyberspace have taken on an appearance that is neither peacetime nor wartime. As greater segments of society become increasingly digitalized, these circumstances have the risk of rapidly developing into a graver situation. - In addition, differences in fundamental values concerning cyberspace and conflicts over international rules, technological foundations, data, and other matters are emerging as well. (iv) Impact and experience of COVID-19 - The new lifestyle that has become the “new normal” partially embodies the realization of Society 5.0. Initiatives such as remote working, online education, and telemedicine are accelerating through compelling response to the pandemic. - This process is also expediting the use of new services that leverage personal data. (v) Application of efforts toward the Tokyo Games - Efforts made by the public and private sectors toward the Tokyo Games will be applied in raising Japan’s overall level of cybersecurity capabilities to better prepare for future large-scale international events, such as the EXPO 2025 Osaka, Kansai, Japan. 2 Japan’s concepts 2.1 Cyberspace to be ensured 3