PREFACE The 2017 Italian Cybersecurity Action Plan sets out the operational guidelines and the actions to be executed in order to implement the National Strategic Framework for Cyberspace Security, as approved by the Italian Prime Minister in his capacity as the political authority responsible for national cybersecurity. The 2017 Action Plan builds on the experience gained in 2014-2015 under the previous Italian Cybersecurity Action Plan (2013) and its review, which led to the adoption —on February 17th 2017— of a new Prime Minister Decree currently regulating the Italian cybersecurity architecture. The Plan is also in agreement with the principles behind the reviewing process of Prime Minister Decree January 24th 2013. The process led to the mended National cybersecurity framework as regulated by Prime Minister Decree February 17th 2017. The above mentioned review —jointly conducted by the Administrations that are part of the National cybersecurity framework— greatly benefited from both the lessons learned from the first steps undertaken to build a national cybersecurity system and the experiences and choices adopted by relevant partners and Allies. The outcome of such exercise allowed to identify the changes needed to overcome some difficulties of the past and to envisage a system intended to make it easier for public and private stakeholders to contribute to the implementation of the new Action Plan. 5