experiences and assessments of CBM implementation, and encouraging peer learning and investment in capacity-building. Such a repository could also assist States to identify additional CBMs appropriate to their national and regional contexts and offer potential models for adaptation elsewhere. It was noted that any new global repository should not duplicate existing arrangements and that operational modalities would need to be further discussed. 32. States also drew attention to the roles and responsibilities of other actors, including civil society, the private sector, academia and the technical community, in contributing to building trust and confidence in the use of ICTs at the national, regional and global levels. States noted the variety of multi-stakeholder initiatives that, through the development of principles and commitments, have established new networks for exchange, collaboration and cooperation. In a similar vein, sector- or domain-specific initiatives have demonstrated the growing awareness of the roles and responsibilities of other actors and the unique contributions that they can make to ICT security through voluntary commitments, professional codes and standards. Capacity-building 33. In their discussions at the OEWG, States emphasized the important function that capacitybuilding can play in empowering all States to fully participate in the international discussions on the framework for responsible State behaviour, while also contributing to shared commitments such as the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda5 . In this regard, States stressed the need for sufficient financial and human resources to be allocated to capacitybuilding programmes. 34. States highlighted the important work that has been undertaken in ICT-related capacitybuilding by other actors, including international organizations, regional and sub-regional bodies, civil society, the private sector, academia and specialized technical bodies, and they encouraged reflection on how to promote coordination, sustainability, effectiveness and reduction of duplication across these efforts. 35. The United Nations has an essential role to play in supporting States to raise the profile of capacity-building and by leveraging its convening power to support greater coordination of the variety of actors active in capacity-building. States suggested that existing platforms within the United Nations, its specialized agencies and in the wider international community could be used to strengthen already established coordination. These platforms could be used to share national views on capacity-building requirements, encourage the sharing of lessons and experiences from both recipients and providers of support, and facilitate access to information on capacity-building and technical assistance programmes. These platforms could also support the mobilization of resources or assist with pairing available resources with requests for capacity-building support and technical assistance. It was suggested that the development of a global cyber capacity-building agenda under the auspices of the United Nations could help to ensure greater coherence in capacity-building efforts and that voluntary self-assessment surveys may help States to identify and prioritize their capacity-building needs or ability to provide support. 5 Examples of relevant SDG goals and targets include, but are not limited to, the following: Significantly increase access to information and communications technology (9.C); Enhance North-South, South-South and triangular regional and international cooperation on and access to science, technology and innovation (17.6) and; Enhance international support for implementing effective and targeted capacity-building (17.9). 8

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