JUNE 2020 Public Consultation: responsible state behaviour in cyberspace in the context of international security Summary of public submissions on developing best practice guidance on implementation of the 11 norms of responsible state behaviour in cyberspace articulated in the 2015 GGE Report (A/70/174i), as endorsed by the UN General Assembly (A/RES/70/237ii) Australia’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade conducted a public consultation process to inform Australia's engagement in the 6th UN Group of Governmental Experts on Advancing responsible State behaviour in cyberspace in the context of international security (GGE) and the inaugural UN Open Ended Working Group on Developments in the field of information and telecommunications in the context of international security (OEWG). Below are verbatim excerpts from those public submissions which provided examples and suggestions of best practice implementation of one, some or all of the agreed norms of responsible state behaviour set out in the 2015 GGE report (A/70/174), as endorsed by the UN General Assembly (A/RES/70/237). Full versions of these submissions can be found on DFAT’s website.iii The examples below represent the views of the organisations that submitted them and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Australian Government. Examples of Australian Government implementation of each norm can be found in Australia’s OEWG Paper from September 2019.iv Commentary and examples of best practice implementation of the norms from Australia’s representative to the GGE are also available on DFAT’s website.v Norm Examples of best practice implementation of the Norm Taking into account existing and emerging threats, risks and vulnerabilities, and building upon the assessments and recommendations contained in the 2010 and 2013 reports of the previous Groups, the present Group offers the following recommendations for consideration by States for voluntary, non-binding norms, rules or principles of responsible behaviour of States aimed at promoting an open, secure, stable, accessible and peaceful ICT environment:  (a) Consistent with the purposes of the United Nations, including to maintain international peace and security, States should cooperate in developing and applying measures to increase stability and security in the use of ICTs and to prevent ICT practices that are acknowledged to be harmful or that may pose threats to international peace and security Australian Strategic Policy Institute, International Cyber Policy Centre Global Partners Digital  Implementation of norms are demonstrated by states’ actions, capabilities, and strategic policy direction. As this norm deals with promoting inter-state cooperation on matters of international ICT security, examples of implementation include: - States’ participation in cybersecurity forums as part of existing bilateral, multilateral or multi-stakeholder frameworks. Examples include political forums like ASEAN, ASEAN Regional Forum, East Asia Summit and the Pacific Island Forum; as well as technical and sectoral forums like ICANN, ISO, ITU and FIRST and INTERPOL, Freedom Online Coalition and the Bern Group for intelligence cooperation respectively. - States’ (active) participation in the current OEWG and UNGGE, and/or their informal and intersessional meetings - States conducting bilateral, trilateral or multilateral cyber policy dialogues, like the Australia-Indonesia dialogue, or the Japan-ASEAN dialogue - States possessing operational capacities in the form of Ministries of Foreign Affairs and/or National Cybersecurity Agencies to engage in international cooperation and to be part of international dialogues - States’ policy documents (like Australia’s International Cyber Engagement Strategy), recorded interventions at the OEWG and/or statements by Cabinet ministers about matters of international cybersecurity.  There is a mutually reinforcing relationship between the efforts to maintain international peace and security and human rights. Any measures to increase stability and security in the use of ICTs should therefore be humancentric and rights-respecting. Specifically, when it comes to regulatory and policy frameworks in @DFAT DFAT.GOV.AU