E/CN.15/2002/8 8 4 See the report of the Secretary-General on the results of the study on the illicit manufacturing of and trafficking in explosives by criminals and their use for criminal purposes (E/CN.15/2002/9/Add.1). The group of experts on the illicit manufacturing of and trafficking in explosives also recommended that countries take measures to discourage the dissemination of such information, in particular on the Internet (E/CN.15/2002/9, para. 37 (g)). 5 See “Profiting from abuse: an investigation into the sexual exploitation of our children”, UNICEF, 2001 (Sales No. E.01.XX.14); and ECPAT International, “Child pornography”, pp. 19-21. 6 Report of the International Narcotics Control Board for 2000 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.01.XI.1), paras. 30, 100 and 133-137. 7 Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 2001, Supplement No. 10 (E/2001/30/Rev.1), part one, chap. III, paras. 36-38. 8 Report of the International Narcotics Control Board for 1997 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.98.XI.1), para. 23. 9 Report of the International Narcotics Control Board for 1998 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.99.XI.1), para. 241. 10 Report of the International Narcotics Control Board for 2000 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.01.XI.1), paras. 30, 100 and 133-137. 11 Report of the International Narcotics Control Board for 2001 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.02.XI.1), paras. 5-83. 12 Ibid., paras. 19-21. 13 Ibid., paras. 44-66. 14 Ibid., paras. 72-83. 15 Encryption scrambles digital content in accordance with a mathematical algorithm, making it impossible to decrypt and read without a key or password, which is usually known only to the owner or intended recipient of the data. Steganography employs software to conceal the data comprising one computer file within the data comprising another, usually much larger, file. It is commonly used to conceal pornographic text or images within innocuous digital photographs without visibly changing their appearance. The concealed images can usually be identified and retrieved (unless also encrypted), but only if investigators suspect their presence in the first place. Digital photography can be used to create child pornography directly using children or indirectly by altering or “morphing” images of adults to make them resemble children. ______________