2. A person who voluntarily renounced to consummate a criminal offense shall be criminally
liable only if the actual act committed by that person comprised elements of any other
offense.
Chapter IV. CRIMINALLY LIABLE PERSON (CRIMINAL OFFENDER)
Article 18. Criminal offender
1. A criminal offender shall mean a sane person who has committed a criminal offense at the
age of criminal liability may rise under this Code.
2. A special criminal offender shall mean a sane person who has committed a criminal offense
at the age of criminal liability may rise, if that offense may only be committed by a certain
person.
Article 19. Criminal sanity
1. A person who was aware of and could control his/her actions (omissions) at the time of an
offense shall be recognized sane.
2. A person who, at the time of a socially dangerous act, as prescribed by this Code, was in
the state of insanity, i.e. was not aware of or could not control his/her actions (omissions) in
consequence of a chronic mental disease, or a temporary mental disorder, or feeblemindedness, or any other morbid mental condition, shall not be criminally liable. Such person
may be subjected to compulsory medical measures upon the decision of a court.
3. A person who committed a criminal offense in the state of sanity, but lapsed, prior to the
making of a judgment, into a mental disease which renders that person unaware of or unable
to control his/her actions (omissions), shall not be criminally liable. Such person may be
subjected to compulsory medical measures, and may be criminally liable upon recovery.
Article 20. Partial insanity
1. A person found partially insane by a court, i.e. a person who, at the time of the criminal
offense, was not completely aware of and could not fully control his/her acts (omissions)
because of his/her mental disorder, shall be criminally liable.
2. The partial insanity shall be consulted by the court in the infliction of punishment and may
warrant compulsory medical measures.
Article 21. Criminal liability for offenses committed in a state of intoxication resulting
from the use of alcohol, narcotics, or any other intoxicating substances
A person who committed a criminal offense in a state of intoxication resulting from the use of
alcohol, narcotic, or any other intoxicating substances shall be criminally liable.
Article 22. Age of criminal liability
1. Persons who have reached the age of 16 years before the commission of a criminal offense
shall be criminally liable.
2. Persons who have committed criminal offenses at the age of 14 to 16 years shall be
criminally liable only for a murder (Articles 115-117), attempted killing of a statesperson or
public figure, a law enforcement officer, a member of a civilian peace-keeping or borderguard unit, or a serviceman, judge, assessor or juror, in connection with their activity related