(1) Forms of criminal complicity include simple complicity,
compound complicity, organized group, and criminal association.
(2) Simple complicity is commitment of a crime by two or more
persons each executing actions provided in corpus delicti (joint
participation). There may be two types of simple complicity:
1) crime committed by a group of persons with no previous concert;
2) crime committed by a group of persons under previous concert;
(3) Compound complicity is commitment of a crime by two or more
persons with role allocation (organizer, instigator, principal offender
and accomplice).
(4) An organized criminal group is a steady group of two or more
persons previously organized to commit crimes.
(5) A criminal association is a steady, solid association of two or
more persons or groups previously organized to systematically commit
severe and particularly severe crimes.
Article 32. Excessive Act
Excessive act is execution of actions by doer that exceed the
bounds of concert of participators and are not covered by their intent.
Article 33. Liability for Crimes Committed by an Organized Group
(1) A person that formed or managed an organized group shall be
held responsible for all crimes committed by such group and covered by
intent of such person.
(2) Other members of the organized group shall be held responsible
for crimes committed by the organized group and covered by their intent
regardless of criminal activities they accomplished as members of the
group.
Article 34. Liability fro Crimes Committed by a Criminal Association
(1) Organizer and leader of criminal association shall be held
responsible for crimes committed by such criminal association that were
covered by intent of such persons and corresponded to criminal purpose of
such association.
(2) Members of a criminal association, regardless of criminal
duties in their relation to the association, shall be held responsible as
accomplices for all crimes committed by the association if such were
covered by their intent and included in scope of purposes of the criminal
association.
Article 35. Harboring
(1) Harboring of an offender as well as of crime means, instruments
and traces or objects obtained illegally, that was not promised in
advance, shall only be subject to criminal liability in cases
specifically envisaged hereby.
(2) Spouse or immediate relatives of the suspect, accused person or
defendant shall not be liable for harboring that was not promised in
advance.