crime, and create and strengthen connections between terrorist groups, illegal migration or smuggling. In these conditions and taking into account that Estonia is a democratic and open society the country may be also affected by the spread of extremist, malevolent or hate-based ideologies. This weakens the cohesion of society, reduces tolerance and creates social tensions. Organised crime and corruption harm the country’s reputation; weaken political, social and economic stability; undermine trust in the state and democratic values; may facilitate the emergence of an unfavourable social and economic environment; and be detrimental to the population’s sense of security. Manifestations of terrorism are often connected to international crime and the radicalisation of society. A major terrorist attack in a country of the Western value system have an impact on Estonian security. Security may also be jeopardised due to a crisis caused by natural disaster, environmental pollution, or the spread of infectious disease or epizootic in Estonia or its vicinity. Considering the country’s geographical position, this may, in turn, have an impact on food security, which could significantly influence various links in the food chain and the availability of certain food commodities. The spread of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances endangers people’s health and their living environment. We cannot rule out the spread of a global outbreak, epidemic or epizootic elsewhere to Estonia. Uneven regional development, social inequality, poverty, poorly adapted segments of society or manifestations of intolerance may also affect the stability of the state. The polarisation of society due to adversarial opinions and understandings increases uncertainty and decreases society’s resilience. In addition, the ageing and reducing size of population, which may also have ramifications for the country’s security, affects the functioning of Estonia’s society and state. Estonia’s future and security are clearly also connected to global trends. People have started to understand better the challenges to the global sustainability, and their multiple facets and interconnections. Poverty, and the inequality and limited access to education it causes, rapid growth of the global population, and demand for vital resources necessary for life—fresh water, arable land, food, energy—and climate change, as well as other changes in the environment brought about by human activity, may exacerbate tensions and lead to conflict. All of this generates global instability. People are more knowledgeable because they are better informed and use new forms of communication, which in turn means that they expect more from leadership and institutions but are also more prepared to contribute to the development of society. The inability to harness this grassroots initiative may make people feel rejected on a massive scale, which creates tensions in societies and increases the threat of conflict. Urbanisation is spreading and the growth of the economic, social and political influence of cities may cause changes in the traditional world order founded on the sovereignty of states. 3. GOALS AND GUIDELINES Countering security threats and risks calls for preventive measures and if they do not prove sufficient, state should be ready to take active steps. The cumulative impact of diplomatic, informational, military, economic and social measures must create sufficient deterrence to prevent attacks against the state and its citizens and maintain stability. The broad security concept foresees increased and deepened integration of and cooperation between the state institutions, but also at an international level, and the involvement of all sectors of society. In maintaining security civil-military cooperation and the combined efficiency of its 6