Challenges 8 to 10 should provide a technical security baseline. However, history shows that vulnerabilities are invariably found after a product is deployed; therefore, we need to continue to monitor and analyse IoT deployments for advanced attacks, exceptions and other deviant behaviour. This is addressed under challenge 11. Of course, newly-found attack vectors should lead to solutions deployed in the form of patches or updates – which ties this challenge back to the product lifecycle and ecosystem. 27